Data

My data Data by other researchers Historical Modern

My data

Here you can find data constructed in the course of my research projects.

Swiss discount rates, 1834–1893

Daily, weekly, monthly and annual · 6 cities · 1834–1893 · version 2026-07-17

Description

Discount rates for Swiss cantonal and private banks in Bern, Basel, Zurich, St. Gallen, Lausanne and Geneva, underlying our study of money market integration in nineteenth-century Switzerland. Annual series include the existing data from Jöhr (1915) for comparison and accuracy checks. Detailed sources are given in Appendix B of the paper.

We recommend the use of weekly data. Daily discount rates are partly sourced from newspapers, which may be subject to brief publication lags.

Recommended citation

Kaufmann, D., and Stuart, R., ‘Private money and money market integration: The role of payments infrastructure in nineteenth-century Switzerland’, Economic History Review, 2026.

Data by other researchers

I also assembled a variety of (mostly free) data sources by other researchers and institutions that I found helpful in my research and policy work.

Historical data

Multicountry

Macrohistory	Multicountry annual macroeconomic data set for 17 countries starting in the late 19th century. Maintained by the Macrohistory Lab Bonn.
IISH	List of links to price and wage data covering many countries and episodes.
EH.net	Database of the Economic History Association making available data sets from economic historians. Covers mostly US and UK.
GPIH	Global Price and Income History Group of UC Davis. Worldwide data before 1950.
David S. Jacks	Trade and commodity price data for various countries starting in the 18th century.

United States

Historical Statistics of the United States (HSUS)	Extensive macroeconomic and social data for the US starting in the 18th century. Downloads are gated.
FRASER	Archive of historical documents for the US, safeguarding and providing access to economic history — particularly the history of the Federal Reserve System.
NBER Macrohistory	Historical database of the NBER covering many aspects of the pre-WWI and interwar economy. Some coverage of the UK, France and Germany. These data are also available on FRED.
MeasuringWorth	GDP, price and wage data for the US. Linked series starting in the 18th century and updated with modern data. Series are spliced from various sources and subject to a referee process. Free use upon request.

United Kingdom

A Millennium of Macroeconomic Data	Macroeconomic data compiled by researchers of the Bank of England. Series are spliced from various sources and regularly updated with modern data. These data are also available on FRED.
Gregory Clark	Income, wages and prices for England starting in medieval times.

Scandinavia

Historical Monetary Statistics for Norway	Macroeconomic data maintained by Norges Bank starting in the early 19th century.
Historical Monetary Statistics of Sweden	Macroeconomic data maintained by the Riksbank partly ranging back to the 13th century.

Switzerland

Historical Statistics of Switzerland Online (HSSO)	Historical statistics for Switzerland starting in the 19th century, maintained by the University of Zurich.
SNB historical time series	Macrofinancial time series assembled by the SNB at its centenary.
SNB monthly statistical bulletin	Archive of the monthly statistical bulletin of the SNB. PDF files range back to 1926.

Modern data

Multicountry

OECD	Macroeconomic data on all aspects of the economy for OECD countries.
IMF	Macroeconomic data collected by the IMF. Good coverage on international issues, such as capital flows.

United States

FRED	Macrofinancial data collection covering the US economy. Partly comprises data from the OECD as well.
ALFRED	ALFRED is the real-time vintage data collection of FRED.
Philadelphia Fed	Real-time data center assembling data and forecasts from the Fed's Greenbook, the Survey of Professional Forecasters and the Livingston Survey.

Switzerland

dataseries.org	The Swiss FRED.
Swiss National Bank	Macroeconomic statistics from the Swiss central bank.